Extraversión, neuroticismo y agotamiento académico en estudiantes universitarios de Malasia: un análisis de mediación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18050/psiquemag.v14i2.3476Palabras clave:
agotamiento académico, estudiantes, extraversión, neuroticismo, bienestarResumen
El agotamiento académico es común entre los estudiantes universitarios; sin embargo, la exploración de la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad y el agotamiento sigue siendo limitada en el contexto malasio. Este estudio exploró la relación entre la extraversión, el neuroticismo y el agotamiento académico en estudiantes universitarios de Malasia, mediada por la depresión. Sesenta y cuatro estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad de Nottingham Malasia (83% mujeres; edad media = 21.2 ± 1.75 años) completaron varios cuestionarios validados que evaluaban los rasgos de personalidad (Inventario de los Cinco Grandes), el agotamiento académico (Encuesta de Estudiantes del Inventario de Agotamiento de Oldenburg) y el bienestar psicológico (Escala de Bienestar General). Se realizaron correlaciones de Pearson y bayesianas para examinar las relaciones correlacionales, mientras que los análisis de mediación con bootstrapping corregido por sesgo (1,000 iteraciones, IC del 95%) evaluaron los efectos indirectos. Los análisis revelaron que una mayor extraversión se correlacionó con un menor neuroticismo y un menor agotamiento académico, mientras que un mayor neuroticismo predijo un aumento del agotamiento. Dos modelos de mediación mostraron que la depresión medió la asociación entre el neuroticismo y el agotamiento académico, mientras que la extraversión no lo hizo. Nuestros hallazgos indican que la depresión actúa como un vínculo entre el neuroticismo y el agotamiento académico en los estudiantes universitarios malasios. Las universidades deberían priorizar intervenciones de regulación emocional y talleres de inteligencia emocional para los estudiantes con alto nivel de neuroticismo, a fin de prevenir eficazmente el agotamiento académico.
Descargas
Referencias
Begum, S., Manjunatha, G.B.K., Hameed, N.A., Dileep, N., & Santhosh, S.G. (2021). Relation between personality traits and academic performance among university students of RAKMHSU, UAE-using a Big Five Model. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 14(4), 2123–2129. https://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2309
Bhagat, V., Haque, M., Simbak, N., & Jaalam, K. (2016). Study on personality dimension negative emotionality affecting academic achievement among Malaysian medical students studying in Malaysia and overseas. Dovepress, 341–341. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s108477
Casey, S., Varela, A., Marriott, J. P., Coleman, C. M., & Harlow, B. L. (2022). The influence of diagnosed mental health conditions and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety on suicide ideation, plan, and attempt among college students: Findings from the Healthy Minds Study, 2018–2019. Journal of Affective Disorders, 298, 464–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.006
Carver CS, Connor-Smith J. (2010) Personality and coping. Annual Review of Psychology 61: 679–704. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352
Celik, G., & Oral, E.L., (2013). Burnout Levels and Personality Traits—The Case of Turkish Architectural Students. Creative Education, 04(02), 124–131. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2013.42018
Cleophas, T. J., & Zwinderman, A. H. (2018). Modern Bayesian statistics in clinical research. Springer International Publishing
Chen, H., Wang, H., Lai, S.-F., & Jie Ye, Z., (2022). The Associations Between Psychological Distress and Academic Burnout: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis. Psychology Research and Behaviour Management, 15, 1271–1282. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s360363
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1999). A five-factor theory of personality. The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives, 2, 51-87. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284978581_A_five-factor_theory_of_personality
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Flachsbart, C. (2007). Relations between personality and coping: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(6), 1080–1107. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.93.6.1080
Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (2016). Personality Traits. NOBA. https://nobaproject.com/modules/personality-traits
de la Fuente, J., González-Torres, M. C., Artuch-Garde, R., Vera-Martínez, M. M., Martínez-Vicente, J. M., & Peralta-Sánchez, F. J. (2021). Resilience as a Buffering Variable Between the Big Five Components and Factors and Symptoms of Academic Stress at University. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.600240
Dupuy, H.J. (1977). The General Well-being Schedule. In I. McDowell & C. Newell (Eds.), Measuring health: a guide to rating scales and questionnaire (2nd ed), ( 206-213). USA: Oxford University Press.
Etxeberria, I., Etxebarria, I., & Urdaneta, E. (2019). Subjective well-being among the oldest old: The role of personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 146 (1), 209–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.04.042
Faber, J., & Fonseca, L. M. (2014). How sample size influences research outcomes. Dental press journal of orthodontics, 19(4), 27-29. https://doi.org/10.1590/2176-9451.19.4.027-029.ebo
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
Gao, T., Xiang, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, Z., & Mei, S. (2017). Neuroticism and quality of life: Multiple mediating effects of smartphone addiction and depression. Psychiatry Research, 258, 457–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.074
Gale, C. R., Booth, T., Mottus, R., Kuh, D., & Deary, I. J. (2013). Neuroticism and Extraversion in youth predict mental well-being and life satisfaction 40 years later. National Library of Medicine, 47(6), 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.06.005
Ghiabi, B., & Beshārat, M. A. (2011). An investigation of the relationship between Personality dimensions and emotional intelligence. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 416–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.082
Hamad, A., Khalig, A., Fahad, R., & Choudhry. (2020). The Relationship between Neuroticism, Extraversion and Psychological Well-Being in Sudanese Undergraduate Students between Different Gender and Age Cohort. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 4, 2454–6186. https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-4-issue-6/319-325.pdf
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.T.M., Ringle, C.M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N.P., Ray, S. (2021). Moderation Analysis. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R., 155-172 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7_8
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.44.3.513
Ibrahim, S.B.M, Ismail, N.Q.A, Nazri, N.A., Marzuki@Yahya, N., Masnan, F., Ishak, N.H.I., Idaris, R.M. (2024). The Impact of Big Five Personality Traits on Work Engagement Aming Malaysian Public Universities Academics. Journal of Human Development and Communication, 13(61-70). https://doi.org/10.58915/johdec.v13.2024.1831
Izhar, L. I., Babiker, A., Edison, R. E., Lu, C., & Rahman, M. A. (2022). Emotion Self-Regulation in Neurotic Students: A Pilot Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Assess Its Effectiveness through Brain Signals and Behavioral Data. MDPI, 22(7), 2703–2703. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22072703
JASP Team (2020). JASP (Version 0.14.1)[Computer software].
John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big-Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (Vol. 2, pp. 102–138). Guilford Press.
Kokko, K., Asko Tolvanen, & Pulkkinen, L. (2013). Associations between personality traits and psychological well-being across time in middle adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 47(6), 748–756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.07.002
Kokko, K., Rantanen, J., & Pulkkinen, L. (2015). Associations between Mental Well-being and Personality from a Life Span Perspective. Personality and Well-Being Across the Life-Span, 134–159. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137439963_8
Lu, W., Wang, Z., Liu, Y., & Zhang, H. (2014). Resilience as a mediator between extraversion, neuroticism and happiness, PA and NA. Personality and Individual Differences, 63, 128–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.015
Liu, Y., Zhang, N., Bao, G., Huang, Y., Ji, B., Wu, Y., Liu, C., & Li, G. (2019). Predictors of depressive symptoms in college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, 244, 196–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.084
Malvaso, A. and Kang, W. (2022). The relationship between areas of life satisfaction, personality, and overall life satisfaction: an integrated account. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.894610
Mac Kinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology., 58, 593-614. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542
MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual review of psychology, 58, 593–614. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542
Mahadi, N.F., Chin. R.W.A., Chua, Y.Y., Chu, M.N., Wong, M.S., Yusoff, M.S.B., Lee, Y.Y. (2018). Malay language translation and validation of the Oldenburg burnout inventory measuring burnout. Education in Medicine Journal. 10(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2018.10.2.4
Mudayat, N.A., Jaladin, R.A.M., & Khalid, N.M.N. (2022). Kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan Big Five Inventory (BFI) di Malaysia : analisis faktor penerokaan. Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 36 (1). 97-112. https://spaj.ukm.my/ppppm/jpm/article/view/719/560
Naidu, P.N.S, Yakub, N.A., Sukor, M.S.M. (2024). Body Image, Self-Esteem. and Physical Exercise as Determinants of Psychological Well-Being among University Students in Malaysia. Sains Humanika, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v17n3.2253
Nuzzo, R. L. (2017). Randomization test: An alternative analysis for the difference of two means. PM & R: the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 9(3), 306–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.02.001
Pukhraj, D. (2021). Benefits of Exercising on Psychological Well-Being, Self-Esteem and Cognitive Function. Clinical and Experimental Psychology, 7(9), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.35248/2471-2701.21.7.272
Reis, D., Xanthopoulou, D., & Tsaousis, I. (2015). Measuring job and academic burnout with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI): Factorial invariance across samples and countries. Burnout Research, 2(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.11.001
Robertson, I. (2018). What is psychological well-being? Robertson Cooper. https://www.robertsoncooper.com/blog/what-is-psychological-well-being/
Soliemanifar, O., & Shaabani, F., (2013). The Relationship Between of Personality Traits and Academic Burnout in Postgraduate Students. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320490480_The_Relationship_Between_of_Personality_Traits_and_Academic_Burnout_in_Postgraduate_Students
Tang Y-Y, Tang R and Gross JJ (2019) Promoting Psychological Well-Being Through an Evidence-Based Mindfulness Training Program. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 13(237). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00237
Tanveer, Z., & Kamran, F. (2023). Academic Burnout, Mindfulness and Psychological Well-being in Young Adults. Annals of Human and Social Sciences, 4(1), http://doi.org/10.35484/ahss.2023(4-I)26
Thuruthel, J. O., & Tungol, J. R. (2021). Burnout as a Predictor of Psychological Well-being among Selected Indian College Students during COVID-19 Pandemic Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3), https://www.proquest.com/openview/69299e7ead2d6832df8f38e55f226ab1/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2032133
Uliaszek, A. A., Zinbarg, R. E., Mineka, S., Craske, M. G., Sutton, J. T., Griffith, J. F., Rose, R. D., Waters, A. M., & Hammen, C. (2010). The role of neuroticism and extraversion in the stress–anxiety and stress–depression relationships. Anxiety, Stress & Coping An International Journal, 23(4), 363–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800903377264
Valencia, J., & Sinambela, F. C. (2022, February 15). The Relationship between Neuroticism, Emotion Regulation, and Academic Stress with Depression Symptoms in Indonesian Medical Student. Public Health Education and Training, 10(E). https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8322
Whelan, C. (2022, September 30). What Is Emotional Self-Regulation and How Do You Develop It? Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/emotional-self-regulation
World Health Organisation (WHO). (2022, June 17). Mental health. Who.int; World Health Organization:WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response
Yu, T., & Hu, J. (2022). Extraversion and Neuroticism on College Freshmen's Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Social Support. Frontiers in psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.822699
Yusof, M. S. B., Esa, A. R., Mat, M. N. P., Mey, S. C., Aziz, R. A., & Abdul Rahim, A. F. (2013). A longitudinal study of relationships between previous academic achievement, emotional intelligence and personality traits with psychological health of medical students during stressful periods. Education for Health, 26(1), 39–39. https://doi.org/10.4103/1357-6283.112800
Yusof, Z. Y. M., Hassan, W. N. W., Razak, I. A., Hashim, S. M. N., Tahir, M. K. A. M., & Keng, S. B. (2016). PERSONALITY TRAITS AND STRESS LEVELS AMONG SENIOR DENTAL STUDENTS: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA AND SINGAPORE. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 47(6), 1353–1365. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29641164/
Yusof, M. S. B., Hadie, S. N. H., & Yasin, M. A. M. (2021). The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02733-5
Zhang, C., Li, G., Fan, Z., Tang, X., & Zhang, F. (2021). Mobile Phone Addiction Mediates the Relationship Between Alexithymia and Learning Burnout in Chinese Medical Students: A Structural Equation Model Analysis. Psychology Research and Behaviour Management, 14, 455–465. https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s304635
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Syahirah Mohd Raffi, Malmaruhan Bala Murugan, Alessio Bellato
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Usted es libre de:
- Compartir — copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato
- El licenciador no puede revocar estas libertades mientras cumpla con los términos de la licencia.
Bajo las condiciones siguientes:
-
Reconocimiento — Debe reconocer adecuadamente la autoría, proporcionar un enlace a la licencia e indicar si se han realizado cambios<. Puede hacerlo de cualquier manera razonable, pero no de una manera que sugiera que tiene el apoyo del licenciador o lo recibe por el uso que hace.
