Espergesia

Employability and its influence on the quality of life of Generation X in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Fri, 25 Oct 2024 00:00:00 -0500

The objective of this research was to analyze the employability of Generation X in Guayaquil and its influence on the quality of life. Methodology: A quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach was used, through surveys applied to a sample of 384 people belonging to Generation X. The questionnaire, validated by experts, was administered online during May and June 2024. Results: The findings revealed that 45.1% of respondents were in informal employment, a situation that negatively impacted their financial stability, emotional well-being and access to social security. Only 29.9% of participants reported being in formal employment. In addition, 35.2% of respondents reported experiencing age discrimination during hiring processes, which limited their employment opportunities. The results also showed that employment influenced the ability of individuals to balance their work and personal lives, highlighting the need for government support for the creation of jobs appropriate to the skills of this group. Conclusions: The importance of implementing public policies that promote the formalization of employment and reduce age-related barriers to improve Generation X’s job opportunities and quality of life was highlighted. These measures would contribute to a more inclusive and equitable working environment.

Beyond bullying: violent and disruptive behavior in high school adolescents from Guadalajara, Mexico

Wed, 23 Oct 2024 00:00:00 -0500

School violence in adolescents has been recognized as a complex problem that goes beyond bullying, encompassing disruptive and violent behaviors directed toward peers, teachers, and the institution itself. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of violent and disruptive behaviors in high school students in Guadalajara, Mexico, differentiating between occasional and recurrent violence. Methodology: A quantitative design was used, with a sample of 436 students between 15 and 19 years old, who responded to the School Violence Scale. The data were analyzed in terms of frequencies and percentages to determine the prevalence of general, occasional, and recurrent violence in three areas: against peers, teachers, and the institution. Results: The findings revealed that 23.7% of students reported having exercised some form of violence at least once. Occasional violence was more frequent than recurrent violence, especially in minor verbal and physical aggressions toward peers. Disruptive behaviors toward teachers and the school were less common, with higher prevalences in actions of annoyance and minor damage. Conclusion: Results suggested that although occasional school violence was prevalent, recurrent violence remained limited, indicating the need for specific preventive and intervention strategies to reduce violent behaviors in school settings.

Training young assistants: an analysis of the evolution of graduates in Consulting Group Ecuador

Fri, 01 Nov 2024 00:00:00 -0500

The study, carried out at Consulting Group Ecuador, Santo Domingo headquarters, aimed to analyze the number of graduates and dropout trends in health assistant degrees between 2018 and 2023. With a quantitative approach and a descriptive crosssectional design, 6,154 students from five auxiliary training courses and three health specialties, such as Prehospital Care (APH) and Nursing, were studied. For data collection, a registration form was used, where variables such as year, degree, number of enrollees, dropouts, causes of dropout and graduates were included. The data were processed in Excel and analyzed in SPSS using ANOVA to evaluate significant differences in graduation and dropout. The results showed a sustained growth of graduates, especially in Nursing and APH. The initial dropout rate was higher in the first modules, progressively decreasing. The main causes of dropout were a lack of vocation in the first modules, academic difficulties and economic problems, accentuated during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was concluded that, although the training capacity increased, reflected in a high number of graduates and a dropout rate of less than 22%, it is recommended to reinforce early vocational guidance interventions; contributing to reducing dropout and consolidating the achievements observed in the training of health assistants.

Special protection of the human rights of the elderly. A look from Latin American regulations

Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:00:00 -0500

The objective of this research was to understand how the legislations of Latin American countries, through a comparative law study, guarantee special protection of the human rights of older adults. Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted based on a documentary review of current legislation in Latin America. The analysis focused on six key categories: the right to life and social security, the right to non-discrimination, the right to justice and dignified treatment, the right to education and culture, the right to an adequate standard of living and housing, and the right to work and enjoyment of free time. Data were collected from official and academic sources, and regulations were compared to identify advances and gaps in the protection of the rights of older adults. The results showed significant progress in the enactment of laws that protect the human rights of older adults, especially in access to social security and non-discrimination. However, significant deficiencies persist in the implementation of these regulations, particularly in the areas of access to employment, adequate housing, and recreational opportunities. In addition, some legal frameworks lack concrete mechanisms to ensure the effective implementation of established rights. Conclusions: Although legal frameworks in Latin America formally recognize the rights of older adults, the practical implementation of these regulations remains a challenge. Therefore, more concrete reforms are required to ensure effective and equitable protection, especially in access to basic services and employment opportunities. The study also underlined the urgent need to strengthen enforcement mechanisms to ensure that the rights of this vulnerable group are fully respected.

Time, Childhood, and Experience in Walter Benjamin (1892–1940)

Marta Regina Furlan, Alex Sander da Silva, Christian Muleka Mwewa — Fri, 13 Dec 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Childhood can be understood not only as a chronological stage, as it is commonly known, but also as a condition of human experience that manifests as latency, a constant tension between time and experience. Its significance lies in the idea that it holds a horizon of possibilities for reflecting on its condition in the contemporary world. The aim of this study was to develop a reflective reinterpretation of the interrelated themes of time, childhood, and experience, which appear in various ways in Walter Benjamin’s works. The methodology employed is a bibliographic study based on the critical foundations of Walter Benjamin, focusing primarily on his works One-Way Street and Berlin Childhood Around 1900. These texts, written as brief essays, evoke the metropolis where Benjamin lived until his exile and where his childhood and youth experiences unfolded. This study concludes that childhood and experience constitute a space of resistance against the technical rationality of modernity, which tends to reduce life to cycles of consumption and production, leaving no room for reflection or depth.

Organization of single-parent families in informal markets: A case study in the city of Trujillo, Peru

Yoya Betzabé Flores Pérez — Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 -0600

The objective of this research was to share reflections on a study that focused on women who independently head their households within the commercial context of the Trujillo market. Methodology: A qualitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional approach was used, involving in-depth interviews conducted with a sample of 200 women managing single-mother households. Results: The findings revealed that 84.86% of the women had well-defined tasks, 80.25% struggled to fully meet their needs, 69.72% assumed clearly defined roles, 64.08% felt capable of supporting their households on their own, 57.75% found it challenging to lead a household independently, and 47.89% reported that consistently supporting their children with academic tasks was difficult. Additionally, the results showed that single-mother families experienced changes and transformations in the traditional structural image of the family model, as well as in value-based, attitudinal, and work performance aspects that sustain the family. Conclusions: The study highlighted the importance of the determination and resilience of these micro-entrepreneurial women, motivated by their commitment to supporting both their families and themselves.

Implementation of Women's Right to Participation in Cases of Political Violence in Ecuador

Ana Jessenia Arteaga Moreira, Giannella Anahí Gorozabel Bailón — Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Introduction: This study explored the state of women's political participation rights in Ecuador, focusing on gender-based political violence and the barriers hindering the effective exercise of these rights in the political sphere. Objective: To analyze the obstacles and progress in implementing Ecuadorian women's political rights, considering the impact of gender-based political violence and recent legislative reforms. Methodology: This research adopts a qualitative and theoretical approach through an analysis of the country's legal framework, including the Democracy Code and its 2009 and 2020 amendments, as well as the study of relevant judicial cases resolved by the Electoral Disputes Tribunal (TCE), which illustrate the application of sanctions and restorative measures in contexts of gender-based political violence. Results: The analysis revealed that, while legal reforms represent progress toward equity in political participation, a significant gap remains between legislation and its effective implementation. Despite judicial precedents set by the TCE in support of victims of political violence, the lack of visibility and public awareness limits the reach of these measures. Conclusions: Although Ecuador has made strides in legislating women’s political rights, challenges in implementation persist. Gender-based political violence continues to undermine equity in participation, highlighting the need for greater visibility and public awareness to ensure women’s political rights are fully exercised in a democratic framework.

Redefining Retirement: Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability in The Golden Years

Jaquieline Vanessa Guzmán Pizarro — Thu, 19 Dec 2024 00:00:00 -0600

Currently, the traditional conception of retirement is undergoing a significant transformation as society ages and individual expectations evolve. For this reason, the research considered the objectives of knowing the relationship between social entrepreneurship and the dimensions: passion for entrepreneurship, orientation towards sustainability and identification of opportunities with sustainability in older adults. For this, the research was of an applied type, non-experimental design, transectional, correlational, descriptive, with a quantitative approach, the applied technique was an adapted survey, using a questionnaire instrument for each variable, encouraging the participation of a group of 100 older adults who have stopped working due to their age. Obtaining as a result a very strong positive correlation between the social entrepreneurship variable and sustainable development, with a Spearman's Rho indicator of 0.957. Concluding that training proposals that propose social entrepreneurship can promote sustainable development.